Tornadoes are relatively rare in Vermont compared to states in the "Tornado Alley." However, their impact, when they do occur, can be significant. Since 1950, at least 46 tornadoes have touched down in Vermont, with some causing considerable damage and disruption.
Although tornadoes are infrequent in Vermont, they are not unheard of. The state has seen several notable tornado events over the decades, with various levels of intensity and damage. The state's most recent tornado activity included a tornado watch tied to Tropical Storm Isaias.
From 1950 onward, Vermont has experienced a total of 46 recorded tornadoes. The majority of these tornadoes have been classified as either EF0 or EF1 on the Enhanced Fujita Scale, which indicates relatively weaker tornadoes compared to the more severe ones seen elsewhere in the United States.
One of the recent significant tornado events in Vermont was the Windham Tornado in 2020. An EF1 tornado hit Windham on August 21, creating a 350-yard-wide path of damage over three-fourths of a mile. This tornado caused substantial damage to homes, uprooted trees, and scattered debris extensively, highlighting the potential destructiveness of even less severe tornadoes.
Tornadoes are categorized based on their wind speeds and the damage they cause, using the Enhanced Fujita (EF) Scale.
In the U.S., around 77% of tornadoes are classified as EF0 or EF1. These tornadoes, while still dangerous, generally cause less severe damage and have lower wind speeds compared to higher-rated tornadoes.
Only about 5% of tornadoes reach a classification of EF3 or above, with winds capable of exceeding 200 mph, leading to more catastrophic damage. Vermont has seen very few such severe tornadoes.
In Windsor County, an EF2 tornado created a 10-mile path of destruction, causing significant damage to properties in its way.
An EF2 tornado caused injuries and extensive damage in St. Albans Town, even overturning a trailer.
An EF2 tornado in Colchester resulted in $2.5 million in damages, highlighting the financial impact such weather events can have on communities.
A tornado that originated in New York weakened to an EF1 upon reaching Vermont, but still caused extensive tree damage and power outages in Bennington County.
The longest recorded tornado in Vermont spanned 25 miles and caused significant damage in areas like Pownal.
Vermont's tornado activity can be contrasted with neighboring states that have experienced more frequent or severe tornadoes.
An EF3 tornado in 2011 resulted in three deaths and significant injuries, while historically, the deadliest tornado occurred in 1953.
New York has recorded over 470 tornadoes, with a particularly severe year in 1989 that saw extensive damage and fatalities.
In New Hampshire, 105 tornadoes have been recorded over 70 years, with EF3 events causing notable destruction and one fatality reported.
Understanding the terminology associated with tornado alerts is crucial for preparedness.
A tornado watch indicates that conditions are favorable for the development of severe weather, including tornadoes. It is a time to remain vigilant and prepared for potential severe weather.
A tornado warning is issued when a tornado has been sighted or indicated by weather radar. Immediate action should be taken to seek shelter and ensure safety.
Proper safety precautions can significantly reduce the risk of injury or death during a tornado.
The safest place to be during a tornado is in a storm cellar, basement, or a small interior room on the lowest level of a building.
If a basement is not available, seek refuge in small interior rooms such as bathrooms, closets, or hallways on the lowest level of a building.
Stay away from windows, doors, exterior walls, overpasses, and bridges, which can become hazardous due to flying debris and structural collapse.
Use your arms to protect your head and neck. If possible, use a mattress, sleeping bag, or heavy blankets to cover yourself while taking shelter.
Understanding the history, impact, and necessary safety measures associated with tornadoes in Vermont is crucial for effective preparedness and response to these rare but potentially devastating weather events.
Author: Austin Danforth
Contact: edanford@freepressmedia.com
Twitter: @eadanforth
Note: Additional coverage of tornado activity and other significant weather events in Vermont is supported by reader subscriptions to the Burlington Free Press.
